Arthritis: Symptoms, treatment

Articity is a degenerative-nutritional disease of the joints characterized by slow and progressive destruction of the cartilage in the joint. Arthritis includes a group of joint diseases of destructive inflammatory nature that have different causes and similar development mechanisms.

Arthritis is one of the most common diseases in the world, taking a leading position among men and men over the age of 30, and the risk of this disease only increases as you age.

Causes of pathology

Arthropathy develops due to invasion of metabolic processes in the joints, in the context of the intra-articular cartilage beginning to lose without elasticity. The causes of this change in cartilage may be internal and external causes:

• Hormonal changes;
• Age-related functions;
• Genetic tendency;
• Rheumatoid arthritis;
• Excessive joint load;
• Injury and damage - dislocation, cracks, severe bruises, rupture of ligaments;
• Changes in intra-articular metabolism associated with obesity, diabetes;
• Low temperature;
• Lower and unbalanced nutrition, so the body does not accept calcium, i. e. omega-3 and 6, i. e. fat and protein;
• The inflammation process in the joints;
• Violating the blood supply of stock head disease;
• Blood clotting, problems with hereditary diseases;
• Autoimmune disease - Lupus red, rheumatoid arthritis.

Specific diseases that are not related to joints, i. e. : i. e. :

• Syphilis;
• Hyperthyroidism;
• Thyroiditis.

People who are in heavy physical labor, forced to constantly hypothermia are at risk and can increase the burden on musculoskeletal system trainers, blacksmiths, athletes, moving houses, and pregnant women.

Joint symptoms

The first symptom of arthritis is pain under the slightest load on the joint. Once the joint is alone, the pain will pass quickly. Arthropathy is characterized by 4 basic clinical signs:

1. Pain - Pain in arthritis has certain characteristics, contrary to pain, in which the joint or inflammatory process is random bruised. First, you should be careful about the occurrence of discomfort and pain and perform any movement and load on the affected joints. It is worth a person to stop moving and eliminate loads because the pain passes immediately, which does not occur when injured or joint injury. At night, the collapsed joints do not actually cause discomfort in the patient, and pain can only occur when changing the position of the body, but they will pass quickly. As the destructive processes within the joint progress significantly, severe pain can occur at night, eventually becoming stronger and adjusting lifestyle. Acute pain occurs in any change in weather, changes in the moon phase, with minimal load.
2. Cryst-This sound occurs due to the decrease in the softness of the bone rotation around the bone, causing the friction of the bones to fight against each other and accompanied by a characteristic tightening. As the joint degeneration progresses, tightening becomes more pronounced and accompanied by pain.
3. Limiting joint mobility - In the initial stages of a pathological process that develops obvious motion restriction, but as joint destruction progresses, it becomes increasingly difficult for patients to perform simple movements. Eventually, the affected joint becomes completely fixed.
4. Joint deformation - Bone plants begin to grow actively on the surface of the bone, while synovial fluid accumulates. Deformation of joints is observed during advanced pathological processes.

The degeneration process in the joint does not develop rapidly, and the disease is characterized by a stage of aggravation and relief, and patients are not in a hurry to seek medical help, resulting in the development of destructive processes within the joint.

stage

X-ray examination is used to determine the progression stage of pathological processes in the joints. The disease has only 4 stages:

1. First - characterized by slightly narrow joint spaces without pathological growth on the bone.
2. The second - The joint space is slightly narrow and the bone bone forms on the surface of the bone.
3. Third - joint space is narrowed on the surface of the bone polygon, and joints are observed;
4. Fourth - There is actually no joint gap, there are multiple bone plants, and one obvious joint deformation.

degree

The expression of the joint is expressed in the form of degenerative destructive processes in the joint, so the cartilage is affected, changes in the capsule and synovial joints are occurring, as well as the ligaments surrounding the ligaments and bone structures. According to the severity and severity of these damages, it is customary to distinguish between 3 degree arthritis.

First degree

There is no obvious deformation or change in the joints, but the composition of the synovial fluid is disturbed - this causes the joint tissue without nutrients, water and microelements to provide sufficient supply, so photography quickly becomes elastic but not elastic and does not adapt to the load. Over time, this causes an inflammatory process, accompanied by pain and joint load during exercise.

In the first degree of arthritis, none of their patients sought medical help, attributed discomfort and pain to uncomfortable positions in sleep, fatigue, and incorrect lifestyles. Sometimes, patients notice characteristic tightening in the affected joint area, but this is not accompanied by severe pain, but only suffering from discomfort, and no one takes it seriously again.

If the arthritis is accidentally diagnosed in the first stage, it is easy to treat the disease.

Second degree

At this stage, the disease is accompanied by a destructive process of the cartilage tissue in the joint. Bone plants grow strongly on the surface of the bones, and the stronger the load on the damage belt, the more obvious the damage will be.

At the same time, patients complain about the persistent pain of the true nature, which passes through on their own regularly and cannot make them feel it for a long time. Then the disease progressed again. Against the backdrop of this pathological process, the muscles surrounding the inflamed joints gradually lose function, and the patient will quickly become tired and unable to withstand physical exercise, which he can easily tolerate. In the second degree of the joint, the patient gradually develops deformation of the cartilage and joints.

The third degree

This is the most difficult. The intra-articular cartilage of the affected joint is thinner and severely damaged, which leads to significant deformation and impaired function of the affected limb. The ligaments and muscles alongside the joints are lack of nutrients and oxygen and gradually atrophy, accompanied by significant loss of mobility. At the same time, the patient is always suffering from acute pain, and any attempt to change the position of the body will be enhanced, changes in weather conditions and lunar phases and gradually lead to a complete loss of legal capacity.

Types of joints

According to the reasons for the pathological process, there are major joints, secondary and idiopathic in the joints.

It develops into a separate disease mainly due to injury or infection, so the cause of the idiopathic form is not yet known. In addition to classifying the disease, depending on the cause of the pathological process, there are also differences in the location of the destructive changes:

1. Adenotropic cancer is the most common pathological type characterized by knee damage. In most cases, people with overweight and chronic metabolic diseases in the body will find contributing experience. The knee joint develops for a long time and gradually leads to a complete loss of motor function.
2. Ankle arthritis - The main causes of the development of degeneration in the ankle joint are injuries, dislocations, stretching, and fractures. In some cases, the development of pathological processes can cause an autoimmune disease - rheumatoid arthritis. Ankle arthritis is prone to dancers, women wearing high heels, athletes.
3. The articity of the shoulder joint is the main reason for the degeneration of this area by congenital abnormalities in shoulder joint development or excessive load on the area, for example, when the shoulder is worn heavily.
4. Curd or arthritis in the hip joint - The main reason for this is the age-related changes in joint tissue. There are people over 45 years old in danger.
5. Arthritis in the cervical area - causes neck injury, progressive osteocartilage, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. At risk, people working on computers in the office. In addition to severe neck pain, the patient is also significantly dizzy, inhibits consciousness, memory disorders and fatigue. These symptoms are caused by compression of the vertebral artery, where nutrients and oxygen enter the brain.
6. Spinal arthritis - Destructive damage to the tissues of the spine, i. e. its waist department. During menopause, women's risk groups have progressed due to spinal arthritis in the context of sexual hormone deficiency in women.
7. Osteoarthritis of the fingers - develops for the same reasons as spondylitis.
8. Polyarticism - characterized by damage to multiple joints, in which there is a progressive degeneration process, while ligaments, muscles, and tissues around the joints are involved in the pathological process.

Joint therapy

Treatment of arthritis is best performed in the early stages, and the disease will then better succumb to conservative treatments. It is very important to correctly determine the causes of gradually destructive changes in the joints and prevent these factors in a timely manner.

Comprehensive joint treatment and involve eliminating the inflammatory process, stopping pain syndrome, stopping the progression of the pathological process, and recovering lost joint function where possible. Conservative treatment includes the selection of medication and physical therapy methods.

Drug treatment

The treatment of arthritis is different in different locations and pathological processes:

1. Articularity of fingers and hands - Prescribe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of creamy cream, gel. To prevent the progress of the pathological process, the technique of cartilage protectant is shown. After stopping the acute inflammation process, massage and physical therapy were prescribed.
2. With joint joints - Inside the joint, the patient was injected with painkillers and non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs. In terms of tooth shape, medications can be prescribed to relax the muscles and slightly reduce the intensity of the pain. After the acute inflammation and pain relief, physical therapy and massage were demonstrated.
3. Articity of the knee joint - prescribe non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs to compress, ointment, gel type. Areas of the affected joints show physical therapy for treatment.
4. Arthropathy of the hip - Compress the ointment or gel impregnated by the NSAID group into the lesion area and inject painkillers into the joints.
5. Arthropathy of the knee joint - ointments and analgesic gels are suitable for the injury areas, after acute pain and inflammation are relieved, pointing out the treatment of physical therapy methods.
6. Ankle arthritis - Strict bed rest is recommended for patients with maximum remaining joints. As the acute inflammatory process subsides, physical therapy procedures, bathrooms, massages are prescribed.

Physical therapy

Effective physical therapy methods often used to various degrees of joints include:

• Shock wave therapy can effectively eliminate the patient's growth from bone plants, thus eliminating pain and limitations of joint mobility.
• Muscle stimulation around the affected joints by electronics - This surgery is very effective for patients with significantly limited mobility and can improve blood circulation in the joints, accelerate the regeneration process, and increase muscle tone;
• Ozone Therapy - Introduces a gas mixture into the cavity of the affected joint, so the patient reduces the mobility of the joint and the signs of inflammation disappear. For maximum effect, ozone therapy is performed in the course;
• Voice - The effect of drug use on the damage area of ultrasound. This method of using drugs is more effective because ultrasound directly transmits the drug to the lesion.

In addition, physical therapy includes exercise therapy, massage, manual therapy, and mechanical therapy.

Diet and Nutrition

The diet for arthritis should be the most balanced and rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, and trace elements. It is recommended to include fresh fish, vegetable oils, cheeses, dairy products, meat, fresh vegetables and fruits in your diet.

Flour products and "fast" carbohydrates, chocolate, coffee, alcohol, pork, fat and sharp dishes should be excluded from the diet.